Neural crest cells are so important that they are often referred to as the "fourth germ layer," playing a crucial role in vertebrate evolution. However, due to their complexity, an enormous body of research has accumulated, making it challenging to grasp the field as a whole. In this class, we will explore the origins of neural crest cells by discussing one of the earliest studies on their induction, with the aim of understanding the classic yet fundamental experimental findings that laid the foundation for this field. If time permits, we will also discuss a subsequent paper addressing the mechanisms of cell fate determination.