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C. DEPARTMENT OF
DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS
C-a. Division of Developmental Genetics - Toshitaka
Fujisawa Group
RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES
(1)
Systematic identification of peptide signaling
molecules in Hydra
Toshitaka Fujisawa, Chiemi Fujisawa, Eisuke
Hayakawa, Yukihiko Noro, Akemi Hayashiuchi, Hiroshi
Shimizu and Toshio Takahashi1
(1Suntory Institute for Bioorganic
Research, Osaka, Japan)
--Systematic
purification and structural determination has been
carried out by using HPLC, peptide sequencing and
mass spectrometry. About 50 new peptides were
purified and subjected to structural determination.
The peptide sequences were blasted against cDNA
database we have created and identified 7 new
peptide genes and 3 novel neuropeptides. Out of 3
neuropeptides, the first one belonged to the
already known GLWamide family, the second belonged
to the Hym-176 family and the last (Hym-65) to the
hitherto unknown family. The Hym-65 gene presumably
encode another peptide with a FRamide C-terminal
motif. Whole mount in situ hybridization indicated
that Hym-65 gene is expressed in a
subpopulation of neurons throughout the body
column. Hym-65 peptide induced body column
contraction of epithelial polyp that is only made
of epithelial cells and gland cells but has no
other cells in the interstitial cell lineage
including neurons. Thus, this peptide appears to
act directly to the muscle cells presumably as a
neurotransmitter at the neuro-muscular junctions.
In contrast, the new Hym-176 family peptide
strongly evoked contraction of ectodermal muscle of
normal polyp but not of epithelial polyp suggesting
that this peptide does not function as a
neurotransmitter at the neuro-muscular junctions
but acts via other neurons.
PUBLICATIONS
Papers
1. Horibata, Y., Sakaguchi, K., Okino, N.,
Iida, H., Inagaki, M., Fujisawa, T., Hama, Y. and
Ito, M. (2004). Unique catabolic pathway of
glycosphingolipids in a hydrozoan, Hydra
magnipapillata, involving endoglycoceramidase.
J. Biol. Chem. 279 (32), 33379-33389.
2. Shimizu, H., Koizumi, O., and Fujisawa, T.
(2004). Three digestive movements in Hydra
regulated by the diffuse nerve net in the body
column. J. Comp. Physiol. A 190 (8),
623-630.
3. Hayakawa, E., Fujisawa, C. and Fujisawa, T.
(2004). Involvement of Hydra achaete-scute
gene, CnASH in the differentiation
pathway of sensory neurons in the tentacles.
Development, Genes and Evolution 214,
486-492.
4. Alexopoulos, H., Boettger, A., Fisher, S.,
Levin, A., Wolf, A., Fujisawa, T., Hayakawa, S.,
Gojobori, T., Davies, J.A., David, C.N. and Bacon,
J.P. (2004). Evolution of gap junctions: the
missing link? Current Biology 14 (20),
879-880.
5. Takaku, Y., Hariyama, T. and Fujisawa, T.
(2005). Motility of endodermal epithelial cells
plays a majo role in reorganizing the two
epithelial layers in Hydra. Mech. Dev.
122, 109-122.
ORAL
PRESENTATIONS
1. Fujisawa, T. Systematic identification of
peptide signaling molecules in Hydra
―Recent progress in functional analysis of
neuropeptides. International Symposium: Frontiers
in peptidome research: methods for analysis and
applications, Osaka, January, 2004
2. Fujisawa, T., Hayakawa, S., Fujisawa, C.,
Takaku, Y., Noro, Y. and Gojobori, T.
Compartmentalization of neuron subtypes and its
function in Hydra. 22nd
Conference of European Comparative
Endocrinologists, Uppsala, Aug, 2004
3. Fujisawa, T., Hayakawa, E and Takahashi, T.
Systematic identification of peptide signaling
molecules by combining Hydra peptide and EST
projects. 1st Asia-Pacific International
Peptide Symposium, Fukuoka, Oct. 2004
4.
藤澤敏孝「ヒドラから見たコリナージックシステムの進化」第77回日本薬理学会大会シンポジウム「ニコチン受容体の生理機能に関する最近の展開」、大阪、2004年1月
5.
藤澤敏孝、早川志帆、藤澤千笑、高久康春、野呂行彦、五條堀孝「ヒドラ神経系の区画化とその機能的意義」日本発生生物学会第37回大会、名古屋、2004年6月
6.
藤澤敏孝「ヒドラのペプチド性シグナル分子の網羅的解析」日本動物学会第75回大会、日本動物学会賞受賞者講演、神戸、2004年9月
POSTER
PRESENTATIONS
1.高久康春、清水裕、藤澤敏孝「ヒドラ再生と位置価調節機構」日本発生生物学会第37回大会、名古屋、2004年6月
2.藤澤千笑、藤澤敏孝「ヒドラ足部形成のジッパーモデル」日本動物学会第75回大会、神戸、2004年9月
3.高久康春、清水裕、藤澤敏孝「ヒドラ再生と位置価調節機構」日本動物学会第75回大会、神戸、2004年9月
4.広瀬慎美子、小泉修、小早川義尚、藤澤敏孝「Nematostella
vectensis (Anthozoa,
Cnidaria)における神経発生の時間的空間的解析」日本動物学会第75回大会、神戸、2004年9月
5.早川英介、藤澤千笑、藤澤敏孝「Hydra触手感覚神経細胞の分化過程におけるachaete/scute
homolog
(CnASH)の発現解析」日本動物学会第75回大会、神戸、2004年9月
SOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND
OTHERS
各種受賞
The Zoological Society Prize for Toshitaka
Fujisawa
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