科目名 / Course Title 科学論文の書き方 / Scientific Writing
対象学年・学期・曜日・時限・講義場 / Appropriate grade level and Eligible Departments 全研究科の１〜５年次　（他大学生等は履修対象としない）
1st year to 5th year students / All departments
単位 / Credit １単位 / 1 credit
授業種別 / Course Style

講義（e-learning形式による講義なので、授業実施期日・時間について特に制限はない。）
講義は英語により行われる /
E-Learning / All contents are in English

授業のねらい・概要 / Contens 一流の国際誌に掲載される論文は質の高さに加え、表現的技法にも優れている。この講義では、英語論文に関する様々な技法を演習する。
This e-learning course explores a new methodology for considering writing from the most relevant perspective, that of readers. With this approach, you will not bother with learning how to increase the appearance of elegance or the mere sound of power; instead you will learn to predict how most readers will go about the act of interpreting your prose. Research in many fields has demonstrated that readers of English derive most of their clues for interpretation not from individual words in isolation but from the structural locations of those words in sentences, paragraphs, and documents. Coming to know consciously as a writer that which native speakers of English know intuitively as readers will give you greater and more consistent control over your written communication in English.
履修方法 / How to take the course 受講するためには、指定された期日までに履修届を提出し、学務課教務係まで、履修を希望される旨、連絡すること。
その後、CD-ROMが送られてくるので、手順に従い受講すること。 　 学務課教務係　：　kyomu(at)ml.soken.ac.jp
Please submit "course registration" by deadline.
CD-ROM will be distributed, please follow the instruction in the CD-ROM.
成績評価方法 / Grades 単位の修得の要件は，11のレクチャーのビデオ全部の聴講とレポートを提出すること。
レポート課題を担当講師が読み、担当授業の達成目標に到達しているかを判断する。その判断に基づき科目責任者が合格または不合格の成績をつける。
To obtain credit one must hear all lectures and submit a report. Grades will be either “pass” or “fail” and will be determined by the quality of the report.
The deadline is Feburary 28, 2014 (second semseter).
授業内容 / Lecture plan
MAKING SENSE OF THE SCIENCE A Workshop on Effective Written Communication

Presented by Judith A. Swan, Ph.D. Princeton Writing Program


Overview: This Course introduces a new approach to scientific writing in English, intended for both novice and experienced writers. Novice writers will gain an overview of the writing process, an understanding of scientific communication and documents, and an effective method of revision for clarity and coherence. Experienced writers will gain in addition an in-depth understanding of the strategies they already use; such conscious awareness of the principles of effective writing enables more experienced writers to work with novices more efficiently and effectively. Although for the participants in this offering of the course, English is a second language, the course develops principles of clear writing that even native English speakers benefit from learning explicitly. The course is run as a workshop, with opportunities in class for working on examples taken from the scientific literature. The sessions build consecutively: The first session begins by looking at clarity in sentences, whereas the final session culminates with principles for effective scientific documents, especially research articles and grant applications.
Dr. Judith A. Swan The lectures are presented by Judith A. Swan, who currently teaches in the Princetion Writing Program. Dr. Swan holds a Ph.D. in Biology from MIT; for over 15 years, she has been teaching scientific writing to scientists at many institutions such as the US National Institutes of Health, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Rockefeller University, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Princeton University. In 2000, she taught this course in Japan at the National Institute of Genetics at Mishima. She is the co-author with George D. Gopen of an article "The Science of Scientific Writing", which introduced the scientific community to many of the principles described in this course.
授業計画 / Lecture plan
'Making Sense of the Science
'from Sokendai with Judith A. Swan PhD.


Lecture 1 - Introduction
Explanation of Reader Expectation Theory
Discussion of the purposes of Scientific Writing
"Reader Energy" and the act of interpretation
Lecture 2 - Introduction (continued) The 4 stages of writing
Explanation of Reader Expectation Theory Discussion of the purposes of Scientific Writing "Reader Energy" and the act of interpretation
Lecture 3 - Language and Clarity (audio only)
Focus: Reader expectations for the structures of sentences Goals: Making clear cause and effect Assigning (and hiding) responsibility Using the active and passive voice in science
Lecture 4 - Language and Clarity (continued - audio only)
Focus: Reader expectations for the structures of sentences Goals: Making clear cause and effect Assigning (and hiding) responsibility Using the active and passive voice in science
Lecture 5 - Clarity and Cohesiveness (Topic Position)
Goals: Indicating perspective Establishing context Unburdening readers Linking backwards
Lecture 5a - Noun Strings

Lecture 6 - Cohesiveness and Emphasis (Topic Position)
Goals: Creating emphasis Signaling importance Judging appropriate sentence length Creating cohesive passages
Lecture 7 - Cohesiveness and Emphasis (Topic Position)(continued)
Goals: Creating emphasis Signaling importance Judging appropriate sentence length Creating cohesive passages
Lecture 8 - Competing Emphasis
Sentences containing more than one clause Goals: Weighing evidence Delivering judgements
Lecture 9 - Review , wrap-up

Lecture 10 - Paragraphs